kerosene
liquid oilModeled on DESNZ 'Aviation Turbine Fuel' (Jet A-1). DESNZ also lists 'Burning Oil' (UK heating kerosene: 802.568 kg/m³, NCV 43.865 GJ/tonne, 2.54016 kgCO2e/L) and 'Aviation Spirit' (avgas). IPCC 2006 Jet Kerosene NCV 44.1 MJ/kg, CO2 71,500 kg/TJ; Other Kerosene NCV 43.8 MJ/kg, CO2 71,900 kg/TJ.
- For high-altitude AVIATION, DESNZ states a 1.7× multiplier should be applied to the CO2 component to account for radiative-forcing (non-CO2 contrail/NOx) effects. The combustion CO2/CO2e factors here do NOT include that multiplier.
Density
800 kg/m³
at 15 °C (fuel-properties basis)
Heating values
LHV/NCV
HHV/GCV
Emission factors
| Metric | Value | Scope | Region / year | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CO2 | 2.51973 kg co2 per l | direct combustion | UK · 2025 | |
| CO2e | 2.54269 kg co2e per l | direct combustion | UK · 2025 |
CO₂ ≠ CO₂e — separate metrics, never converted into one another. Why? →
Worked example
Open in converter →Converting
1 L · kerosene
Energy
Same energy expressed in other units.
35.13 MJ
source-based
9.757 kWh
source-based
0.03513 GJ
source-based
33,290 BTU
source-based
36.97 MJ
source-based
10.27 kWh
source-based
0.03697 GJ
source-based
35,040 BTU
source-based
Mass
0.8 kg
source-based
Volume
1,000 mL
exact
1 L
exact
0.001 m³
exact
0.264172 US gal
exact
0.219969 imp gal
exact
0.00628981 bbl
exact
Emissions
CO₂ and CO₂e are separate — never derived from each other.
~2.52 kg CO2
region + year
~2.54 kg CO2e
region + year
Energy density
Energy per unit of mass or volume.
43.9 MJ/kg
source-based
9.757 kWh/L
source-based
Assumptions
- density: assumed kerosene density 800 kg/m³ at 15 °C (fuel-properties basis)
- heating value basis: energy on LHV/NCV basis, 9.757 kWh/L
- heating value basis: energy on HHV/GCV basis, 10.27 kWh/L
Sources
Follow each source back to its primary document — that traceability is the point. How conversions work →